Copyright: Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Tenth Edition, B. Timby and N. Smith
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins
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Category Archives: Kidney Information
What is Kidney Stone?
You have probably heard of kidney stone and complications its appearance inside the organism might lead to. For those still wondering what is a kidney stone – kidney stone or nephrolithiasis is appearance of hard material inside the kidney. Due to the material’s crystallized structure kidney stone will cause sharp and severe pain upon exiting the organism, which is naturally done through the urethra. This medical disorder hits male population as twice as much as female. If not medically treated kidney stone can and will cause severe complications which might lead to fatal epilogue. Drinking between 6 and 8 glasses of water a day or often tea drinking significantly reduces probability of kidney stone’s appearance. Fluid intake mechanically averts kidney stone genesis by increasing need to urinate.
What causes kidney stones?
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What is Renal Failure?
Renal failure is a medical condition where the normal functionality of the kidneys are lost suddenly. In this condition, the kidneys are incapable of removing waste and concentrating urine thereby leading to the loss of electrolytes from the body. This leads to accumulation of toxins and waste products in the blood. Glomerular filtration rate decreases when the kidneys fail.
There are three forms of renal failure namely acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, and acute-on-chronic renal failure.
Acute renal failure occurs where there is a sudden interruption to the blood flow thereby leading to rapid loss of kidney function. The most common causes of acute renal failure are trauma, complications from surgery such as heart bypass surgery, injuries, drug overdoses, accidental overload such as the onset of crush syndrome, chemical overload of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, bladder tumor, renal calculi, acute glomerulonephritis, acute tubular injury, enlarged prostate, fluid depletion, sun stroke, cardiac failure, septic infections, and hemorrhage.
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What is Creatinine?
Creatinine is a by product of muscle contractions that is excreted and removed from the body through urine. When creatinine phosphate is broken down as the muscles work, it results in the formation of Creatinine.
Creatinine is hardly reabsorbed back into the body if it is at all. The kidneys are responsible for the filtration of Creatinine from the blood. Creatinine is filtered from the body through glomerular filtration. In the case that a person’s kidneys are not properly functioning, the Creatinine levels in the blood will be high and these levels can be measured. When the kidneys are functioning perfectly Creatinine will be successfully filtered out of the body and excreted in the urine. Therefore the Creatinine levels in the urine are normally high.
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What is a Kidney?
What is a Kidney?
The kidneys are two small organs located towards the back of the abdomen, close to the base of the rib cage. There is one at each side, the left kidney being slightly higher than the right. Their function is to remove waste products from the blood and so regulate salts, minerals and fluid levels in the body.
The kidneys are oval structures, red/brown in color with a tube called the ureter that runs down from each kidney to the base of the bladder. The renal aorta, branching from the aorta from the heart, brings oxygenated blood to them and the renal vein takes deoxygenated blood away. There are two main parts to the structure of the inside of the kidney, the inner known as the medulla and the outer known as the cortex. The renal artery carrying oxygenated blood to the kidney, branches through the medulla and then divides in to many arterioles and capillaries inside the cortex. Here, the tiny capillaries branch further and form coils, with each coil surrounded by structures called the Bowman’s capsule. The Bowman’s capsule is a cup like structure that leads to small tubules that pass back through the cortex of the kidney into the medulla, and finally join the ureter that exits the kidney and leads down to the bladder.
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Different Type of Kidney Diseases
Kidneys are an important organ of our body; our health gets devastated without their proper functioning. If they completely stop to work then the life of a person will totally depend upon dialysis. The only way left for spending a healthy life for such a person will be to replace his diseased kidneys through transplant.
Diseases related to kidney are divided into several types. Some kidney disease are worst than others. Acute diseases are those that suddenly attack on kidneys, whereas chronic diseases are those that slow down kidneys’ functioning. Both these are caused by autoimmune disorders, infections, medications or toxins. Also that high blood pressure and diabetes can also effect the functioning of kidney and worsen it gradually.
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